ScissorPedia Directory

Explore 217 Professional Hair Scissor Brands

Compare verified specs, craftsmanship, and price positioning across the global marketplace. Built for stylists who need trustworthy information before investing in their tools.

  • 217 Brands Documented
  • 12 Countries Represented
  • 2 Profiles Verified

Photo: Vitor Monthay via Unsplash

How to use this directory

Search smarter: Use filters to focus on price tier, specialty, or origin. The list updates instantly, so you can shortlist brands that match your workflow.

Check the badge: Profiles marked “Verified” were confirmed against official sources within the last 12 months.

  • Need true left-handed shears? Filter by specialty.
  • Training apprentices? Start with price tiers 1–2.
  • Prefer Japanese steel? Filter by country, then compare Where to Buy links.

What makes a great scissor? Metallurgy, grind, balance, and ergonomics—not inflated marketing claims. This index lets you compare brands on the details that actually affect performance and durability.

Japanese makers like Joewell and Yasaka are prized for precision convex edges. German manufacturers such as Jaguar deliver long-lasting bevels. Emerging Korean and U.S. brands innovate with swivel thumbs and hybrid steels for repetitive-strain relief.

Every profile is independent, free of affiliate deals, and backed by a research process that contacts manufacturers, verifies dealers, and cross-checks specifications.

Showing 217 of 217 brands
4420 logo

4420

USA USA flag

Blunt cut Slide cut Point cut Volume control +2
ABOVE logo

ABOVE

USA USA flag

Precision cut Layer cut Sliding cut Texture cut +2
AGENDA logo

AGENDA

Unknown

AMA logo

AMA

Unknown

ARTERO logo

ARTERO

USA USA flag

Blunt cut Slide cut Point cut Texture control +3
Aichi logo

Aichi

South Korea

Aikyo logo

Aikyo

South Korea

Akiko logo

Akiko

South Korea

Akito logo

Akito

UK

Blunt cut Slide cut Point cut Volume control +18
Akitz logo

Akitz

South Korea

Blunt cut Slide cut Point cut Volume control +2
Akkohs logo

Akkohs

Japan Japan flag

Alu-Coba logo

Alu-Coba

Japan Japan flag

Base cut Step cut Volume control Texture control
Apsun logo

Apsun

South Korea

Arc logo

Arc

USA USA flag

Blunt cut Slide cut Point cut Precision cutting +11
Atali logo

Atali

Japan Japan flag

Auro logo

Auro

Japan Japan flag

Cobalt alloy builds Multi-tooth thinning options Handle-specific ergonomics
Axis logo

Axis

Japan Japan flag

Direct-to-stylist pricing Cobalt alloy shears Bearing pivot systems
BLACKICE PROFESSIONAL logo

BLACKICE PROFESSIONAL

USA USA flag

Smooth cut Precision cutting Thinning
BLACKSMITH BLADES logo

BLACKSMITH BLADES

USA USA flag

Blunt cut Slide cut Point cut Volume control +1
BMC logo

BMC

Japan Japan flag

Blunt cut Slide cut Point cut Volume control +2
BONIKA logo

BONIKA

USA USA flag

Ergonomic design Sharpening education
BW logo

BW

Unknown

Bi Design logo

Bi Design

Unknown

Biyosekkai logo

Biyosekkai

South Korea

Blunt cut Slide cut Point cut Volume control +3
Bokhari logo

Bokhari

USA USA flag

Slide cut Advanced styling Blending Texturizing +2
Butoh logo

Butoh

Japan Japan flag

Butterfly logo

Butterfly

Japan Japan flag

Blunt cut Slide cut Point cut Volume control +5
C-MON logo

C-MON

Unknown

CNC logo

CNC

USA USA flag

All-purpose Straight cut Thinning Thinning rate
CORTA logo

CORTA

Japan Japan flag

Blunt cut Slide cut Chop cut Dry cut +4
Cerena logo

Cerena

Germany Germany flag

Blunt cut Slice cut Point cut Contour cut +7
Cisora-Sibel logo

Cisora-Sibel

Unknown

Cobra logo

Cobra

Unknown

Concept logo

Concept

Unknown

Cricket logo

Cricket

USA USA flag

Blunt cut Slide cut Precision cut Thinning +2
Cutman logo

Cutman

Canada

Blunt cut Slide cut Point cut
DH logo

DH

Unknown

DMI logo

DMI

Unknown

DOWA logo

DOWA

Japan Japan flag

Blunt cut Volume control Texture control Cut & Thinning
Dark Stag logo

Dark Stag

UK

Thinning Texturising Removing bulk Blunt cut +5
Debut logo

Debut

South Korea

Dynasty logo

Dynasty

China

Budget-friendly kits
EKS logo

EKS

Germany Germany flag

ELITE logo

ELITE

Australia

Blunt cut Slide cut Point cut Volume control +3
Elite Classic logo

Elite Classic

Unknown

Etaro logo

Etaro

USA USA flag

Sculpting Shaping Finishing Texturizing +4
Excellent Edges logo

Excellent Edges

Australia

Blunt cut Texturising Texture control Point cut +3
FHI HEAT PROFESSIONAL logo

FHI HEAT PROFESSIONAL

USA USA flag

Blunt cut Slide cut Point cut
FRESH logo

FRESH

USA USA flag

Blunt cut Slide cut Precision cut Dry cutting +2
FROMM logo

FROMM

Unknown

Blunt cut Slide cut Point cut Volume control +4
Feather logo

Feather

Japan Japan flag

Shaving Texturizing Feathering
Figaro logo

Figaro

Canada

Blunt cut Slide cut Point cut
First Edges logo

First Edges

Australia

Fits logo

Fits

Unknown

Fuji logo

Fuji

Japan Japan flag

GREAT BRITISH Scissor Company logo

GREAT BRITISH Scissor Company

UK

Blunt cut Volume control Texture control Point cut +3
Glamtech logo

Glamtech

UK

Straight cut Slice cutting Blunt cut Advanced techniques +6
Global Scissors logo

Global Scissors

Australia

Blunt cut Slide cut Point cut Chipping +5
Green Mouse logo

Green Mouse

Japan Japan flag

Blunt cut Slide cut Point cut Volume control(10~65%) +6
HANABI logo

HANABI

Unknown

HARUTO logo

HARUTO

Unknown

HASAMI logo

HASAMI

Canada

Smooth blend Natural finish Invisible blending Dry cut +4
HASHO logo

HASHO

Japan Japan flag

Blunt cut Slide cut Thinning
HIVE SCISSORS logo

HIVE SCISSORS

South Korea

Blunt cut Slide cut Point cut Volume control +2
Hair-Kiss logo

Hair-Kiss

Unknown

Haito logo

Haito

Unknown

Student kits Ergonomic handles
Hakucho logo

Hakucho

Japan Japan flag

Blunt cut Slide cut Point cut Texture control +6
Harayali logo

Harayali

UK

Blunt cut Texture control Thinning Clean cutting +2
Hasami House logo

Hasami House

Japan Japan flag

Blunt cut Slide cut Point cut Volume control +7
HattoriHanzo logo

HattoriHanzo

USA USA flag

Slide cut Channel cut Point cut Carving +10
Hayashi logo

Hayashi

Japan Japan flag

Blunt cut Slide cut Texture control Volume control +2
Hepike logo

Hepike

Unknown

Hien logo

Hien

Japan Japan flag

Blunt cut Slide cut Texture control Volume control(10~50%) +7
Hikari logo

Hikari

Japan Japan flag

Blunt cut Slide cut Texture control (8%, 20%) Volume control +3
Hineta logo

Hineta

Japan Japan flag

Blunt cut Slide cut Stroke cut Volume control(15~25%) +2
Horizon logo

Horizon

Unknown

ICON SHEARS logo

ICON SHEARS

USA USA flag

Wet cut Dry cut Cut & Thinning
Ichiro logo

Ichiro

Japan Japan flag

Blunt cut Slide cut Point cut Volume controle +2
Infinity logo

Infinity

UK

Blunt cut Slide cut Point cut
JATAI logo

JATAI

Japan Japan flag

Blunt cut Texturizing Weight removal Volumizing +6
JP Plan logo

JP Plan

South Korea

JW SHEARS logo

JW SHEARS

USA USA flag

Precision cut Wet cut Dry cut Point cut +2
Jaguar logo

Jaguar

Germany Germany flag

Blunt cut Slide cut Point cut Precision cut +4
Joewell logo

Joewell

Japan Japan flag

["Blunt cut" "Slide cut" "Volume controle(5~35%)" "Texture control(10~30%)" +1
Jonetsu logo

Jonetsu

Japan Japan flag

Juntetsu logo

Juntetsu

Japan Japan flag

Blunt cut Slide cut Point cut Precision cut +4
Jyo logo

Jyo

Japan Japan flag

Jyo-Utopia logo

Jyo-Utopia

Unknown

K5 International logo

K5 International

Australia

Blunt cut Slide cut Point cut Volume control +6
KARG logo

KARG

USA USA flag

Blunt cut Slide cut Point cut Texture control +8
KING CRAFT logo

KING CRAFT

Unknown

KITA IDEA logo

KITA IDEA

Unknown

KT logo

KT

Unknown

Kamisori logo

Kamisori

Japan Japan flag

Blunt cut Slide cut Point cut Precision cut +4
Kansai logo

Kansai

Unknown

Karma logo

Karma

Unknown

Kashi logo

Kashi

USA USA flag

Wet cut Dry cut Slide cut Thinning +1
Kasho logo

Kasho

Japan Japan flag

Precision cut Slide cut Blunt cut Point cut +4
Keiun logo

Keiun

Japan Japan flag

Slide cut Thinning(15-20%) Thinning(25-30%) Thinning(50-60%)
Kenchii logo

Kenchii

USA USA flag

Point cut Dry cut Wet cut Slide cut +5
Kennomai logo

Kennomai

Japan Japan flag

Blunt cut Slide cut Design cut Thinning(10~45%) +1
Kiepe logo

Kiepe

Italy

Blunt cut Slide cut Point cut Volume control +8
Kikui logo

Kikui

Japan Japan flag

Slide cut Thinning(20-25%) Thinning(30-35%)
Kimari logo

Kimari

Canada

Blunt cut Slide cut Point cut Thinning
Kissaki logo

Kissaki

USA USA flag

Blunt cut Razor cut Volume control Texture control +2
Kodo logo

Kodo

Unknown

Koi logo

Koi

Unknown

Kokoro logo

Kokoro

USA USA flag

Blunt cut General purpose cutting Razor cutting Dry cutting +5
Kouho logo

Kouho

Japan Japan flag

Blunt cut Point cut Slide cut Blend cut +4
Kyoto logo

Kyoto

Unknown

Kyoto Hasami Shokunin logo

Kyoto Hasami Shokunin

Japan Japan flag

Blunt cut Thinning Volume control(10~35%) Texture control +2
LUCKY logo

LUCKY

USA USA flag

Blunt cut Weight control Volume control Texture control +4
Leader logo

Leader

Italy

Blunt cut Slide cut Point cut Volume control +14
Leaf logo

Leaf

UK

Blunt cut Texturing Slide cut Weight removal +5
Links logo

Links

Unknown

Lumiere logo

Lumiere

Japan Japan flag

Blunt cut Slide cut Base cut Dry cutting +3
MATAKKI logo

MATAKKI

UK

Blunt cut Slide cut Point cut Cut & Thinning
MATSUZAKI logo

MATSUZAKI

Japan Japan flag

Blunt cut Slide cut Point cut Stroke cut +5
MD Barber logo

MD Barber

Unknown

MICHIKO logo

MICHIKO

USA USA flag

Blunt cut Slide cut Dry cut Texturizing
MUJIRUSHI logo

MUJIRUSHI

Japan Japan flag

Blunt cut Slide cut Chop cut Volume control +6
Masuta logo

Masuta

Unknown

Mikado logo

Mikado

South Korea

Mina logo

Mina

Japan Japan flag

Blunt cut Slide cut Point cut Precision cut +4
Mirage logo

Mirage

South Korea

Miraki logo

Miraki

Japan Japan flag

Misaki logo

Misaki

USA USA flag

Wet-to-Dry Cutting Texturizing Thinning Blending +2
Mizutani logo

Mizutani

Japan Japan flag

Precision cut Blunt cut Back cutting Scissor over comb +7
Mork logo

Mork

Japan Japan flag

Blunt cut Slide cut Point cut Texture control +1
NBAA logo

NBAA

Japan Japan flag

NOVA logo

NOVA

Unknown

Naruto logo

Naruto

Japan Japan flag

Blunt cut Slide cut Point cut Volume control(5~60%) +5
Nic logo

Nic

Unknown

Niigata logo

Niigata

Japan Japan flag

Nikko logo

Nikko

UK

Precision cutting Precision trimming
Ninja logo

Ninja

UK

Blunt cut Slide cut Point cut Wet cutting +19
OBU logo

OBU

Australia

Blunt cut Point cut Chipping Texturising +8
OKAWA logo

OKAWA

Japan Japan flag

Blunt cut Slide cut Point cut Stroke cut +8
Ohka logo

Ohka

Taiwan

Blunt cut Slide cut Point cut Volume control +5
Okamiya logo

Okamiya

Japan Japan flag

Blunt cut Thinning(25%) Thinning(30~35%)
Olivia Garden logo

Olivia Garden

Belgium

Point cut Slide cut Precision cut Texture control +4
Omega logo

Omega

Unknown

Osaka logo

Osaka

Australia

Blunt cut Point cut Slide cut Texturizing +7
PHX-Japan logo

PHX-Japan

Japan Japan flag

Slide cut Chop cut Fine cut Vertical cut +5
Passion logo

Passion

UK

Blunt cut Slide cut Point cut Scissor-over-comb +4
Precious logo

Precious

Japan Japan flag

Thinning Volume control(15%) Volume control(20%) Volume control(15-20%) +6
ROYAL MASTER logo

ROYAL MASTER

Japan Japan flag

Dry cutting Wet cutting Stroke cutting Slide cutting +3
Rand Rocket logo

Rand Rocket

Unknown

Redspot logo

Redspot

Unknown

Entry-level starter kits Student training tools
Royale logo

Royale

South Korea

S-Gate logo

S-Gate

Japan Japan flag

Thinning(20-50%) Wet cut Dry cut Blunt cut +5
S.cosmo logo

S.cosmo

Unknown

S2 logo

S2

Japan Japan flag

Blunt cut Undercut Rough cut Dry cutting +5
SAM VILLA logo

SAM VILLA

USA USA flag

Point cut Layer cut Slide cut Blending +3
SCISSORS JAPAN logo

SCISSORS JAPAN

Japan Japan flag

Slide cut Blunt cut Base cut Dry cut +1
SENSEI logo

SENSEI

USA USA flag

Blunt cut Volume control Texture control Cut & Thinning +3
SHARP LINE logo

SHARP LINE

Japan Japan flag

Precision Point cutting Point cutting Slide cutting Precision cutting +4
SHEAR GENIUS logo

SHEAR GENIUS

Australia

Slide cut Slide chip Channel Blending +7
SHIHAN logo

SHIHAN

USA USA flag

Blunt cut Detailed trim Shaping Texturizing +2
STR logo

STR

Unknown

Saki logo

Saki

USA USA flag

Slide cut Wet cut Dry cut Horizontal cut +3
Sakura logo

Sakura

Japan Japan flag

Blunt cut Slide cut Point cut
Samurai logo

Samurai

UK

Blunt cut Slide cut Point cut Volume control +2
Sanguine logo

Sanguine

UK

Scalpmaster logo

Scalpmaster

USA USA flag

Blunt cut Slide cut Point cut Volume control +8
Scissor Hands logo

Scissor Hands

UK

Thinning Blending Soft-Cut Fading +5
Scissors Hospital logo

Scissors Hospital

South Korea

Blunt cut Slide cut Point cut Volume control(25~35%) +2
Shark Fin logo

Shark Fin

USA USA flag

Blunt cut Slide cut Point cut Smooth cut +6
Shisato logo

Shisato

Japan Japan flag

Sonnet logo

Sonnet

Unknown

Stay Sharp logo

Stay Sharp

USA USA flag

Aggressive cutting Thinning Texturizing Wet cut +2
Symphony logo

Symphony

USA USA flag

Blunt cut Slide cut Slither cut Scissor-over-comb +6
TADAKUNI logo

TADAKUNI

Japan Japan flag

Blunt cut Slide cut Chop cut Volume control(10~55%) +3
TENYO logo

TENYO

Japan Japan flag

Blunt cut Slide cut Point cut Volume control(535%) +5
TITAN logo

TITAN

UK

Blunt cut Slide cut Point cut Precision cutting +7
TOGINON logo

TOGINON

Japan Japan flag

["Blunt cut" "Slide cut" "Point cut" "Volume control" +2
TONDEO logo

TONDEO

Germany Germany flag

Point cut Slide cut Blunt cut Texture control +1
TRACKS logo

TRACKS

Japan Japan flag

Dry cut Chop cut Slide cut Stroke cut +5
TRI logo

TRI

Italy

Blunt cut Slide cut Point cut Volume control +3
TSUBAME logo

TSUBAME

Japan Japan flag

Weaving Slide cut Slice cut
Tara logo

Tara

USA USA flag

Slice cut Point cut Dry cut Wet cut +9
The Scissor Shop logo

The Scissor Shop

Australia

Clean cut Precise cut Trimming Shaping +1
Tohri logo

Tohri

Japan Japan flag

Base cut Thinning Cut ratio about 25%
Toki logo

Toki

Japan Japan flag

Blunt cut Chop cut Dry cut Volume control(~30%, ~60%) +3
Tokoya logo

Tokoya

Japan Japan flag

Tokyo Riki logo

Tokyo Riki

Japan Japan flag

Blunt cut Slide cut Point cut Volume control(15~45%) +5
Trophy logo

Trophy

Unknown

Tru-Blu logo

Tru-Blu

Australia

Blunt cut Slide cut Serration Dry cutting +4
U&U logo

U&U

Unknown

Utsumi logo

Utsumi

Japan Japan flag

Blunt cut Base cut Slide cut (10-40%) Slide cut (80-90%) +2
VIA logo

VIA

USA USA flag

Blunt cut Slide cut Seamless blending Precision dry cut +7
Vern logo

Vern

Taiwan

Point cut Horizontal cut Slanting cut Fly cut +11
Verne logo

Verne

Unknown

Vincere logo

Vincere

Unknown

Washi logo

Washi

USA USA flag

Slide cut Point cut Scissor over comb Blending +7
Washou logo

Washou

Japan Japan flag

Slide cut Blunt cut Base cut Dry cut +6
Wings logo

Wings

Japan Japan flag

YAMAJO logo

YAMAJO

South Korea

["Blunt cut" "Volume control(20~25%)" "Texture control"]\
YK Japan Shears logo

YK Japan Shears

Unknown

YOSHI logo

YOSHI

Japan Japan flag

Yagyu logo

Yagyu

Japan Japan flag

`["Blunt cut" "Slide cut" "Stroke cut" "Chop cut" +5
Yamato logo

Yamato

Japan Japan flag

Yasaka logo

Yasaka

Japan Japan flag

Yoi logo

Yoi

UK

Blunt cut Slide cut Point cut Wet cutting +6
Yoko logo

Yoko

Unknown

Yuroshi logo

Yuroshi

South Korea

ZEN MASTER logo

ZEN MASTER

USA USA flag

Wet cut Dry cutting Dry cut Wet cutting +21
alfa italia logo

alfa italia

UK

Precision cutting High-speed cutting Detailed work Layering +6
alpha logo

alpha

Japan Japan flag

Volume control Slide cut Stroke cut Blunt cut +1
bmac logo

bmac

Japan Japan flag

Blunt cut Slide cut Dry cut Texturizing +2
eBlade logo

eBlade

UK

Precision cutting Scissors over comb
exclusive shears logo

exclusive shears

Australia

Blunt cut Slide cut Point cut Volume control +2
iCANDY logo

iCANDY

Australia

Precision cut Convex Edge cut Smooth cutting Thinning
matsukaze logo

matsukaze

Japan Japan flag

Blunt cut Point cut Volume control Texture control +2
point-cut pro logo

point-cut pro

USA USA flag

Blunt cut Point cut Micro point cut Slide cut +1
scissors street logo

scissors street

Japan Japan flag

Blunt cut Slide cut Volume control(15-20% / 20-25% / 25-30% / 30% / 40-45%) Texture control +1
togiya logo

togiya

Japan Japan flag

Blunt cut Slide cut Point cut Volume control +2
2
Verified Brands
12
Countries
Sep 2025
Last Audit
100%
Independent

Frequently Asked Questions About Scissor Brands

What's the real difference between Japanese and German scissors?

Japanese scissors typically feature harder steel (60-63 HRC), convex edges, and focus on sharpness and precision. They're lighter, requiring a more delicate touch. Think samurai sword philosophy—incredibly sharp but needs respect.

German scissors emphasize durability with slightly softer steel (56-58 HRC), often featuring beveled edges. They're workhorses—reliable, easier to maintain, and more forgiving. Perfect for high-volume work or rougher techniques.

How can I tell if Japanese scissors are authentic?

Look for: Serial numbers on authentic models, authorized dealer verification, proper documentation, and realistic pricing. Red flags include prices 50%+ below market (real Mizutani never under $800), no brand history online, or sellers who can't specify steel type.

Community reports suggest 70-80% of scissors on general marketplaces are counterfeit. Always verify with the manufacturer's official dealer list before purchasing.

Which brands do celebrity hairstylists actually use?

Most professionals use multiple brands for different techniques. Common combinations include Yasaka for precision work, Juntetsu for special occasions, and Jaguar for everyday reliability. The key isn't copying celebrities—it's finding what works for your hand and technique.

Professional insight: Focus less on celebrity endorsements and more on what experienced stylists in your specialty recommend. A colorist needs different tools than a barber.

Why do premium scissors like Mizutani cost $1500+?

Premium pricing reflects: Hand-forging processes (some requiring 90+ steps), limited production capacity (only 20 certified craftsmen worldwide for some brands), premium materials like nano powder metals, and extensive quality control.

Consider the math: A $1,500 scissor used daily for 20 years costs about 20 cents per day. Your morning coffee costs more. For professionals cutting 10+ clients daily, the performance difference can justify the investment.

Are brands with Japanese names really Japanese?

This sparks debate in the community. Some brands are designed elsewhere but manufactured in Japan using authentic Japanese steel and techniques. Others are fully Japanese from concept to creation. Research each brand's specific story.

What matters more than origin story: steel quality, manufacturing standards, and performance. A well-made scissor using Japanese steel and techniques can perform excellently regardless of where it was designed.

Which brands offer the best warranty?

Warranty offerings vary significantly. Some brands offer lifetime warranties including free sharpening, others provide 1-2 year coverage. Important: Warranties typically require purchase from authorized dealers and proper maintenance.

Read the fine print. "Lifetime" often (almost always) excludes damage from drops, improper sharpening, or neglect. The best warranty is proper daily maintenance preventing issues.

What's the best brand for beginners?

Look for forgiving brands offering good value: Yasaka's entry line, Jaguar Pre Style series, or Mina scissors. These provide professional quality without the premium price, allowing you to learn your preferences before major investment.

Avoid ultra-cheap scissors under $100—they'll frustrate you and potentially damage hair. Better to buy one good $200-300 pair than three terrible pairs.

Do Korean brands match Japanese quality?

Korean scissor manufacturing has improved dramatically. Many use the same steel sources as Japanese brands and offer similar performance at 30-40% lower prices. They're gaining acceptance in professional salons worldwide.

The gap is closing. While top-tier Japanese brands still lead in prestige and ultra-premium performance, Korean brands offer exceptional value for working professionals.

Which brands hold resale value?

Premium Japanese brands like Mizutani, Hikari, and Juntetsu typically retain 60-70% value after 5 years if well-maintained. Vintage German brands often appreciate. Mass-market brands usually retain 20-30% value.

Factors affecting resale: condition, original documentation, purchase from authorized dealer, and model rarity. Limited editions and discontinued models can command premium prices.

Should I stick with one brand or mix and match?

Most professionals use 3-7 different scissors from various brands. Different techniques require different tools. You might prefer Yasaka for precision cutting, Ichiro for thinning, and Jaguar for bulk removal.

Brand loyalty has benefits (familiarity, consistent feel) but don't limit yourself. The best scissors for point cutting might come from a different manufacturer than your favorite for blunt cuts.

Understanding Scissor Brands

Regional Specialties

Japanese brands lead in precision and sharpness. German brands excel at durability. Korean brands are relatively new to the market. Chinese brands are often considered 'single use' but that really depends on the brand. American brands focus on ergonomics and innovation.

Price vs. Value

Entry-level: $100-300. Professional: $300-800. Premium: $800-1500. Ultra-luxury: $1500+. Remember: Expensive doesn't always mean better FOR YOU.

Brand Heritage

Some brands have 100+ year histories. Others launched last year. Age isn't everything—but established brands have proven track records and dealer networks.